相对和绝对路径

绝对路径

绝对路径是从根开始的

[root@lynn-05 ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@lynn-05 ~]# ls /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
/root/anaconda-ks.cfg

相对路径

相对路径是相对现在位置的路径

pwd是查看当前目录的命令

[root@lynn-05 ~]# pwd
/root
[root@lynn-05 ~]# ls -a
. .bash_history .bash_profile .cshrc .tcshrc
.. .bash_logout .bashrc .ssh anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@lynn-05 ~]# ls .bash_history
.bash_history
[root@lynn-05 ~]# ls .bash_profile
.bash_profile

CD命令

cd 就是change directory 进入到一个目录里不能打开文件

[root@lynn-05 /]# pwd
/
[root@lynn-05 /]# cd /etc/sysconfig
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# cd network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
-bash: cd: network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33: 不是目录

cd - 返回上次所在目录

[root@lynn-05 /]# pwd
/
[root@lynn-05 /]# cd /etc/sysconfig
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# cd -
/
[root@lynn-05 /]# pwd
/
[root@lynn-05 /]# cd -
/etc/sysconfig
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig

cd 进入当前用户的家目录

[root@lynn-05 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# cd
[root@lynn-05 ~]# pwd
/root

cd .. 去到上一级目录根目录是最上面的目录所以最终只到了根目录

[root@lynn-05 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@lynn-05 network-scripts]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@lynn-05 network-scripts]# cd ..
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig
[root@lynn-05 sysconfig]# cd ..
[root@lynn-05 etc]# pwd
/etc
[root@lynn-05 etc]# cd ..
[root@lynn-05 /]# pwd
/
[root@lynn-05 /]# cd ..
[root@lynn-05 /]# pwd
/
[root@lynn-05 /]#

创建目录mkdir

mkdir 就是make directory 创建目录

[root@lynn-05 /]# mkdir tmp/lynn
[root@lynn-05 /]# ls -ld /tmp/lynn
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 16 22:21 /tmp/lynn

mkdir -p 创建一连串的目录

[root@lynn-05 /]# mkdir /tmp/lynn/1/2/3
mkdir: cannot create directory '/tmp/lynn/1/2/3': No such file or directory
[root@lynn-05 /]# mkdir -p /tmp/lynn/1/2/3
[root@lynn-05 /]# ls /tmp/lynn
1
[root@lynn-05 /]# ls /tmp/lynn/1
2
[root@lynn-05 /]# ls /tmp/lynn/1/2
3

mkdir -pv 可视化的创建目录这是v选项的功能

[root@lynn-05 /]# mkdir -pv /tmp/lynn/2/3/4
mkdir: created directory '/tmp/lynn/2'
mkdir: created directory '/tmp/lynn/2/3'
mkdir: created directory '/tmp/lynn/2/3/4'

删除目录rmdir

rmdir 就是 remove directory 删除空目录

[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
`-- 2
`-- 3

5 directories, 0 files
[root@lynn-05 /]# rmdir /tmp/lynn/2
rmdir: failed to remove '/tmp/lynn/2': Directory not empty
[root@lynn-05 /]# rmdir /tmp/lynn/2/3
[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
`-- 2

4 directories, 0 files
[root@lynn-05 /]# touch /tmp/lynn/2/1.txt
[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
`-- 2
`-- 1.txt

4 directories, 1 file
[root@lynn-05 /]# rmdir /tmp/lynn/2
rmdir: failed to remove '/tmp/lynn/2': Directory not empty

rmdir -p 删除一连串空目录

[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
`-- 2

4 directories, 0 files
[root@lynn-05 /]# rmdir -p /tmp/lynn/1/2/3
rmdir: failed to remove directory '/tmp/lynn': Directory not empty
[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
`-- 2

1 directory, 0 files

rm命令

rm 可以删空目录也可以删文件删目录要加-r

[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
`-- 2
`-- 1.txt

4 directories, 1 file
[root@lynn-05 /]# rm /tmp/lynn/2/1.txt
rm: remove regular empty file '/tmp/lynn/2/1.txt'? y
[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
`-- 2

4 directories, 0 files
[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
`-- 2

4 directories, 0 files
[root@lynn-05 /]# rm /tmp/lynn/1/2
rm: cannot remove '/tmp/lynn/1/2': Is a directory
[root@lynn-05 /]# rm -r /tmp/lynn/1/2
rm: descend into directory '/tmp/lynn/1/2'? y
rm: remove directory '/tmp/lynn/1/2/3'? y
rm: remove directory '/tmp/lynn/1/2'? y
[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
`-- 2

2 directories, 0 files

rm -f 强制删除不询问

[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
|-- 1.txt
|-- 2
`-- 2.txt

4 directories, 2 files
[root@lynn-05 /]# rm /tmp/lynn/1.txt
rm: remove regular empty file '/tmp/lynn/1.txt'? y
[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
|-- 2
`-- 2.txt

4 directories, 1 file
[root@lynn-05 /]# rm -f /tmp/lynn/2.txt
[root@lynn-05 /]# tree /tmp/lynn
/tmp/lynn
|-- 1
| `-- 2
| `-- 3
`-- 2

4 directories, 0 files

history 查看历史命令

[root@lynn-05 /]# history
1 who
2 ls -la
3 hostnamectl set-hostname Lynn-01
4 init 6
5 init 0
6 ip addr
7 dhclient
8 ip addr
.
.
.
235 touch /tmp/lynn/1.txt
236 touch /tmp/lynn/2.txt
237 tree /tmp/lynn
238 rm /tmp/lynn/1.txt
239 tree /tmp/lynn
240 rm -f /tmp/lynn/2.txt
241 tree /tmp/lynn
242 history